Absorption refrigeration



Jan. 1, 1952 w. G. KOGEL ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION Filed March 12, 1946 INVEN TOR.

YLLI .2 2 :J

Patented Jan. 1, 192

Wilhelm s ege Genre to Akti ola get Eleli-t The invention relatesivtoabsorption;refrigeratm,

ing apparatus of the continuous inert gas i type,

avi a qu dacircula in :pumpmhich is closed at one end andconnecteduto receivehabsorption a solution at a region removed vvfrom the (closed. end

flhe invention has tor its obiect...to. providehanw improvement for reducing the ,yerticalheight of. u h r era appara us, uespeciallymwhen. difficulties in maintaining, adequate liquid chi-1, I

culation tend to occuniin the event theiheight of the apparatus should he reduced has p i usly. bie nflpr posed .to .usetliquid i tme v u p in i r ri e at n apparat s having a ump l hambernarransed asfla pocket;

around the ,heatingfiue of the apparatusandtd which a vapour lift pipe:; is.t=connected. The, lower end of the pipe extends intoutheichambel, a

in rder to allowafree liquid; levelitotbemaim tained withinthe chamber andaa vapour Sp ce.

to be maintained above said levelm-flhe, pumping is effected due to, the increased pressurepof such 1 vapour when tenteringmthe glower .ppeningtqf the, vapour lift pipe. The vapour bubbles formed in the pump chamberbelow theliquidlleveletherein I and to a region; of whichtabsorption,,solutiqnyis L supplied willlunotenter cthexvapour. lift pipe .,di rectly, becausemthe .upwardomovement, of ing, i vapour bubbles is interrupted, in. passing. abtqyemt.

the liquid surface levehintonthe vapounspaqepi the pumplchamber. W'I'hekinetic energyoi the vapour and the liquid,movinguupwardsmis therefore lost.

According to the present invention J,

the upward movementof vapour bubbles, formedut in liquid within theupumpy chambermis advanta geously utilized tfor {liftingaliquid through v the pump section located beyond 1 the. po ket. n; t

The invention will .be hereinafter. more fully described withreference to the accompanying;

drawing showing diagrammatically.embodiments t;

frorn which characteristic p features of the in-t vention will .beseen, andiof which;

Figs. 1 and 2 show diagrammaticallyttwo em! bodiments of theminvention, only; [those ,partsltoi L the absorption refrigeratingapparatus ibeing til- 1.

lustrated which cares of immediate linterestnin connection with the a present invention.

Referring to Fig. l, in. whichnasflue aaa boiler a liquid circulating pump and a liquid; heat-:exe l changer-t of a tcontinuouslyl.operating labsorpwt tion refrigerating apparatus are idiagrammatical-t ly shown, referencelnumeral lildenotesatubel. employed as aheating flue, 81101 1585 an iron tipipe, j..' for example, numeraltl l denote's the boilenwhi'ch is heat-conductively connected =with the-flue, as t by welding; and numeral lii the heat-exchanger -35 character i shown or the apparatus, wh ch eo imunicart l-w h. t e v boilerulul throueha cond it. wil T ppereen w of the boiler I I is connected in a welllznownmam nermtnot lshowni to, a rectifierwhich in tgurn is connectedlt kto tthe condenser of the apparatus.

The 320111813. pipe. is osed at i ba andtqonr se uen lnrorms a pocke b weenth P9 2?? whichmconduit I2 is connected there Q a the basehwherein ,thet circulation of liquid rnainly takes placewdue to thermalmovementcaused the unsymmetrical heating of the liquid column b n t e pock t- The po vs iqnl .W th my v teriopjaclget of the heat exchangerulito the sor er o t ap a atus o shewm t The li d t r l t n mn n o h a ara us is denoted by t and is in thefformo'f a ipjef diarnetei of the pipedis suflicientlynarrowlso that therrnosiphon efi ect willbe created. Rich absorption 'sj'olution" is supp'lied to the pump throughitheinnerconduit IQ of aheat 'exchanger 13. [In order to vent gas bubbleswhich may collectin theonduit l4 it must be connected to the pump, at a point located higher than any other partof that conduit. The liquid column in thepump pipe 16 is level withthe liquidlevel in the absorber vessel of the apparatus, not shown, the liquid level in the absorber vessel being indicatedin'Eig. 1 by the dotted line I. As shown the pump pipe I6 is welded to the flue I0, through which heat is supplied to the pump, througha vertical height which extends a short distance i abovethe liquid level in theabsorber vessel. This distance is; however, very short andtthelreaction head of the pump will therefore be unfavorable. According tothe invention this disadvantage is overcome by providing a pipe section 15 of the which extends downwardly reckoned from the pointthe inner conduit Id of the heat-exchanger is connecteduto the lower end of pipe lfiywherebyla dead-.endlpocketis formed through which heat .fromthe flue is supplied to liquid in the pump. In Figs. 1 andt2 the "downwardly extending part 15 does not communicate with other liquid quantities located below theconnecting point of conduit l4 thereto. It is therefore advantageouslto provide an extended part l5 having .a larger diameter than that of the pump pipe l6, so that the t. unsymmetrical heating of the pocket formed by the .partvl5 will be utilized to induce thermaltfiowithrough the entire body of liquid contained. in ithempocket. Y The pipe lfl is-connected to the .1 part L15 at a region approximately diametrically," opposite, to

, 3 I the common generatrix of such part and the flue Ill, whereby the cooler entering rich solution flows downwardly along the outer side of the pipe section or part l5. Upward flow of liquid in the part or pipe section I5 is induced due to the lengthwise heating along its line of contact with the fiue I. By providingthe downwardly extending part or pipe section IS the effective reaction head of the pump is altered, because the depth of the pocket formed by the part I?) to a certain degree may be included as a part of the reaction head in addition to the difference in height between the liquid level in the absorber vessel and the point conduit I4 is connected to the part [5. The reaction head constitutes the fluid heads measured from the level at which conduit [4 is connected to the part l5.

vice illustrated in Fig. 1, and differs therefrom in that the boiler is :not provided with a pocketshaped extension.

Though as a matter of principle it is unimportant in what way the lower heat-absorbing member or part l5 of the pump is formed-provided free passage in an upward direction exists for the gas bubbles from such partand also from the connecting pipe 14 and circulation or transposition of the liquid contents can be induced, the shaping of the lower part of the pump in accord with the invention will create particular advantages. The possibilities of effecting a regulated thermal fiow in the pocket have already been mentioned above. Such flow can be further improved by inserting a partition or a piece of pipe into the member or part l5 to provide two sections into one ofwhich thepipe 14 opens, and which mutually communicate through an interspace in the lowest part of the partition.

The invention is not tq be limited to the embodiments shown but may be varied in several ways within the scope of the basic inventive idea. This is applicable especially to the shaping of the base of the pump, the constructions of which may be varied in different respects provided that the abovementioned factors are taken into consideration. The extension of the heat-conductive connection between the pump and the flue may also be varied within wide limits according to the size of the apparatus for which the boiler aggregation is intended. The heat-conductive connective shall, however, extend up to a point located above the liquid level in the absorber vessel.

I claim:

1. In an absorption refrigeration, system, a circuit for absorption liquid including an upright riser pipe which is connected to receive liquid at a first level and deliver liquid from a second higher level, said riser pipe having one portion extending downwardly from said first level which is closed at its lower end and forms a dead-end chamber or pocket for fluid, each vertical part of said riser pipe being vertically displaced from adjacent parts so that one portion of said riser pipe does not overlap another portion thereof, said dead-end chamber or pocket and the portion of said riser pipe above said first level having cross-sectional areas large and small enough, respectively, to permit and prevent free relative movement of vapor and liquid therein, 7

2. Apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including means for heating at least the dead-end chamber or pocket of said riser pipe at only one peripheral said riser pipe is connected to receive liquid at said first level at a point substantially diametrically opposite the region thereof joined to said heating tube.

5. In an absorption refrigeration system, a circuit for absorption liquid including a vessel anda vertically extending liquid circulator closed at its lower end, a vertically extending liquid heat exchanger having first and second passages, said circulator at a first level above its closed end being connected to receive liquid from the upper end of said first heat exchanger passage and connected to deliver raised liquid from a second higher level to said vessel, the upper end of said second heat exchanger passage being connected to receive liquid from said vessel, the lower portion of said circulator between the closed end thereof and said first level forming a dead-end chamber or pocket for liquid which extends downwardly from the highest point of said liquid heat exchanger, and a vertically extending heating tube, the exterior surface of said heating tube being thermally connected to the exterior surface of the lower portion of said circulator along a vertically extending line to eiTect heating of liquid insaid circulator and form vapor bubbles therein to raise liquid from said first level to said second level by vapor-lift action.

6. In an absorption refrigeration system, a circuit for absorption liquid including a vessel and a vertically extending liquid circulator closed at its lower end, a vertically extending liquid heat exchanger having first and second passages, said circulator at a first level above its closed end being connected to receive liquid from the upper end of said first heat exchanger passage and connected to deliver raised liquid from a second higher level to said vessel, the upper end or" said second heat exchanger passage being connected to receive liquid from said vessel, the lower portion of said circulator between the closed end thereof and said first level forming a dead-end chamber or pocket for liquid which extends downwardly from the highest point of said liquid heat exchanger, and a vertically extending heating tube, said liquid heat exchanger being in the form of a coil which is disposed about said heating tube and the lower portion of said circulator, and means for thermally connecting the exterior surface of said heating tube to the exterior surface of the lower portion of said circulator along a vertically extending line to effect heating of liquid in said circulator and form vapor bubbles therein to raise liquid from said first level to said second level by vapor-lift action.

7. In an absorption refrigeration system, a circuit for absorption liquid including a vertically disposed vessel and a verticallyextending liquid circulator closed at its lower end, a vertically extending liquid heat exchanger having first and second passages, said circulator at a first level above its closed end being connected to receive liquid from the upper end of said first heat exchanger passage and connected to deliver raised liquid from a second higher level to said vessel,

the upper, end of said second heat exchanger passage oemg connected to receive liquid from said vessel, the lower portion of said circulator between the closed end thereof and said first level forming a dead-end chamber or pocket for liquid which extends downwardly from the highest point of said liquid heat exchanger, and means including a vertically extending heating tube for heating said vessel, the exterior surface of said heating tube also being thermally connected to the exterior surface of the lower portion of said circulator along a vertically extending line to effect heating of liquid in said circulator and form vapor bubbles therein to raise liquid from said first level to said second level by vapor-lift action, and said liquid heat exchanger being in the form of a coil which is disposed about the lower por- 6 tion of said circulator and also about said heating tube at a region between the upper and lower ends of the latter.

WILHELM GEORG K'OGEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Thomas Sept. 21, 1943 

